eLEM: A Novel e-Learner
Experience Model
Rawad Hammad, Mohammed Odeh and Zaheer Khan
Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, UK
Abstract: Many e-learning
artefacts have been developed and promoted based on their ability to enhance
learning and e-learner experience. However, there is a lack of precise
definition of what the e-learner experience implies and associated models to
inform this experience. This paper introduces a novel e-Learner Experience Model
(eLEM) along with its roots in: (i) e-learning domain research, and (ii) user
experience/usability. It also proposes a definition for the e-learner
experience model based on the
particularities of e-learning. eLEM has been derived based on a state of the
art literature review and consists of a number of constructs along with measures
of their effectiveness in evaluating the e-learner experience in an e-learning
environment. eLEM has been comprehensively evaluated using a set of sufficient
and representative case studies. It has also demonstrated modelling the
e-learner’s experience in various contexts and identified four key challenges
for further research. Finally, the eLEM has been integrated with the Hybrid e-Learning Framework
that is Process-based, Semantically-enriched and Service-oriented enabled (HeLPS) e-learning framework and contributed to validating
its process-centric models.
Keywords: e-learner experience, e-learning evaluation, learner modelling,
user experience, usability, technology-enhanced learning/e-learning.
Received February 7, 2017; accepted May 10, 2017